A man in Tehran holds a local newspaper reporting on its front page the China-brokered deal between Iran and Saudi Arabia to restore ties, signed in Beijing the previous day, on March 11, 2023, in Tehran, Iran. 2018 CBS Interactive Inc. All Rights Reserved. For years, Irans standing as a Mideast power has been battered on a number of fronts. It stated the finding on the basis of the reports compiled by the Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology (BRIUG) and the China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC), in association with Saudi Geological survey. In this report geologists identified some reserves near the controversial Neom megacity development are and estimated that Saudi could produce over 90,000 tonnes of uranium from three deposits. Apart from the diplomacy between Saudi Arabia and Iran, the other notable feature of this development is that China brokered it. [10] Saudi Arabia's foreign minister neither rejected nor confirmed the possibility of purchasing nuclear weapons. [32] The news channel did not reply to requests for a comment. After defecting to the United States in 1994, Saudi diplomat Mohammad al Khilewi claimed that Saudi Arabia started a nuclear weapons program chaired by Prince Sultan bin Abdulaziz following the Yom Kippur War and that it also financially and technologically assisted the Iraqi nuclear weapons program. In the past, Saudi Arabias de facto leader, Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, has been clear that if Tehran develops a nuclear bomb, Riyadh will also do so. At its heart, what is this rift about? 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Saudi Arabia will develop nuclear weapons if its arch-rival Iran does so, the kingdom's crown prince said in remarks released on Thursday, raising the prospect of a The new Iranian regime took it upon itself to fan revolution across the Muslim world. Analysts have told Insider that the move appearsto be part of a power play by Crown Prince Mohammed, amid perceptions that US influence in the region is waning. In a lengthy analysis published in the Tehran Times, an Iranian international relations expert, Amir M. Esmaeili, states his belief that chances for the resumption of Iran nuclear talks in the foreseeable future have been increased. [42] The CSS-5, while it has a comparatively shorter range (2,800km) and half the payload (1 ton) of the CSS-2, is solid-fueled, thus can be set up and placed on alert status more easily than the liquid-fueled CSS-2, and its accuracy is much greater (circular error probable of 30 meters).[43]. [29], In March 2018, the crown prince said if Iran decided to build a nuclear weapon, "we will follow suit as soon as possible". It also satisfies the Iranian need to show the west that it is not isolated and can break that isolation at a time and in a manner of its choosing. But will the JCPOA be revived or transformed, or will Iran and Saudi Arabia join Israel and get the bomb? (Vartan 2005), The Arab States of the Persian Gulf plan to start their own joint civilian nuclear program. Saudi Arabia has snubbed the US and drawn closer to rivals including China. Through this period it was Iran not Saudi Arabia that was the primary US ally in the region. The United Nations said on Wednesday that the deal had created a momentum for renewed peace talks on Yemen. The images were provided by commercial imaging company Planet Labs PBC. Follow us onFacebook,TwitterandInstagram. Arab states today including Saudi Arabia are heavily dependent on Israeli intelligence sharing and technological expertise and investments either direct or indirect. He adds that the agreement would enhance Irans bargaining power at the negotiating table. Irans state news media reported on Friday that he will travel to Iraq next to sign a security pact. Last week, it brokered talks. Much of this has come about due to a common enemy Iran. Saudi Arabia and Iran two archrivals in the Middle East who severed links seven years agore-established diplomatic, political and economic relations last week (15 March) Iran says its nuclear programme seeks only civilian atomic energy. After the 2003 U.S. invasion of Iraq The Guardian reported that Saudi Arabia renewed its interest in nuclear weapons, while in 2005 The New York Times claimed that U.S. President George W. Bush indicated to British Prime Minister Tony Blair that he was open to a preemptive invasion to prevent Saudi Arabia from acquiring nuclear weapons. [7] Pakistani political scientists and historians have noted that Saudi interest in nuclear technology began in 1970s after Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto convened a meeting of Pakistan's leading theoretical physicists (who went on to join the King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals) with the Saudi royal government during a visit by the Saudi royal family to Pakistan in 1974 as part of the 2nd OIC conference at Lahore. If the dtente holds, analysts say, it could be transformational for the region, bringing an end to the proxy battle in Yemen and facilitating political resolutions in Lebanon and Syria. [32], According to reports, Saudi Arabia initiated the construction of its first research reactor at the King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology. Reuters provides business, financial, national and international news to professionals via desktop terminals, the world's media organizations, industry events and directly to consumers. Iran and Saudi Arabia on March 11, agreed to restore diplomatic ties after their seven years of bilateral estrangement in West Asia. [ii]. The Gulf Monarchies for their part retaliated by encouraging and then funding Saddam Husseins invasion and bloody eight year long war with Iran. India NewsandEntertainment Newshere. Iran therefore needs all the friends or, at least, non-enemies it can get. O'DONNELL: But I've seen that you called the Ayatollah Khamenei, "the new Hitler" of the Middle East. US officials have stated that they have no evidence of Saudi assistance to Iraqi nuclear development. [7][8] In the 1980s, Chief Martial Law Administrator and President General Zia-ul-Haq paid a state visit to Saudi Arabia where he unofficially told the King that: "Our achievements are yours". ", granting them the right to drive for the first time. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. [33], Saudi Arabia constructed a facility for extracting uranium yellowcake from uranium ore with the help of China. Harang hailed the development as a Read all theLatest News,Trending News,Cricket News,Bollywood News, There is no indication of the validity or credibility of the BBCs sources, nor does the article expand on what essentially constitutes an unverified lead. However, experts raised a doubt, as the country already possessed cheaper, safer, and renewable ways to achieve these objectives from sunlight. Sign up for notifications from Insider! [7], In 2018 Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman confirmed on 60 Minutes that Saudi Arabia would develop nuclear weapons if Iran successfully detonated one, causing widespread distrust of the Saudi Arabian nuclear program. [15] Despite that, it has been secretly looking for the establishment of a scientific atomic center by the co-operation of Pakistan,[6][15] which can be associated with purchasing nuclear weapons from Pakistan. The interview is the first with a Saudi leader for a U.S. television network since 2005. We need to trust diplomacy more and take steps in this direction, he said. We are moving from a strategy that was lose-lose for all sides to hopefully a win-win situation, said Ali Akbar Behmanesh, a political analyst in Tehran close to the government. [IDN-InDepthNews], Image: Wang Yi (center), a member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and director of the Office of the Central Foreign Affairs Commission, with representatives from Saudi Arabia and Iran in Beijing. This action reaction cycle led to the weaponization of Shia communities across the gulf and beyond. To understand why this is, we need to understand the history of this dispute and how it affects each countrys approach today. Some Arab neighbors have forged ties with Israel, giving it a foothold in the Persian Gulf. MOHAMMED BIN SALMAN: Saudi Arabia does not want to acquire any nuclear bomb, but without a doubt if Iran developed a nuclear bomb, we will follow suit as soon as possible. [i] Saudi foreign minister: 'All bets off' if Iran gets nuclear weapon | Reuters, [ii] Frozen ice melts: China bridges Iran-Saudi ties in the new era - Tehran Times. Saudi Arabia followed the IAEA's Small Quantities Protocol regulations which did not allow direct inspections of Saudi nuclear facilities. Office of Technology Assessment (OTA), US Congress. Copyright 2009-2023 IDN-InDepthNews | Analysis That Matters, The restoration of ties between the two nations was best described by the, Jackie Cabasso, Executive Director of the, But as recently as December, Saudi Arabia's foreign minister fueled speculation that the Kingdom is seeking a nuclear weapons capability, declaring, If Iran gets an operational nuclear weapon, all bets are off.. He provided a packet of 10,000 documents[citation needed] that allegedly described long-time Saudi support of the Iraqi nuclear weapons program. China is interested in preventing nuclear weapons proliferation there, and as a party to the JCPOA, it has a seat at the table. In that case, that leaves Israel even more isolated than they already are and hopefully creates more pressure on them to be more open to a diplomatic solution to the situation with Irans nuclear program. Last October, Saudi Arabia was accused by the Biden administration of siding with Russia in cutting oil production, despite the US believing that it had secured a deal with Riyadh to increase production in order to stem domestic inflation. Please enter valid email address to continue. MOHAMMED BIN SALMAN: Iran is not a rival to Saudi Arabia. At that point, not having nuclear weapons was suicide and the Iranian leadership would end up meeting the same fate as Milosevic, Saddam & Qaddafi. It noted that if Pakistan were to transfer nuclear warheads onto Saudi soil, it is highly unlikely that either nation would face any international repercussions if both nations were to follow strict nuclear sharing guidelines similar to that of NATO. ", "Saudi Arabia, With China's Help, Expands Its Nuclear Program", "Revealed: Saudi Arabia may have enough uranium ore to produce nuclear fuel", "Saudi Arabia to use domestic uranium for nuclear development", "Arabic: Student's Graduation at the Strategic Missile Force Center and Academy", "Exclusive: CIA Helped Saudis in Secret Chinese Missile Deal", "Artillery: Saudi Ballistic Missiles Secretly Upgraded", Council of Economic and Development Affairs, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nuclear_program_of_Saudi_Arabia&oldid=1135870754, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2007, Articles with Arabic-language sources (ar), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 27 January 2023, at 10:48. Shiite Iran and Sunni Saudi Arabia will continue to compete for leadership and influence across the Middle East, but their agreement carries the potential of decreasing what has been their destabilization of neighboring nations.. For the full interview, tune in to "60 Minutes" on Sunday, March 18 at 7p.m. ET/PT on CBS. (Updated April 2022) Saudi Arabia has plans to establish a civil nuclear power industry. Satellite photos allegedly reveal an underground city with nuclear silos containing Ghauri rockets in Al-Sulaiyil, south of the capital Riyadh. The disagreement provoked a diplomatic spat, and petty name calling by the nations. [3] [8] Concerns were also directed about whether the deal would entail access to uranium enrichment technology. If Iran were to enter into negotiations over its missile programme, it would be unlikely to accept limits that did not also apply to other countries, wrote Mark Fitzpatrick, an associate fellow at the London-based International Institute for Strategic Studies, in an article about Saudi Arabias ballistic missile program published by the institute in August. It was also reported that Saudi Arabia did not sign up to halt the enrichment of uranium, reprocessing of spent fuel and neither signed the 123 Agreement with the United States. Last week, it brokered talksbetween Saudi Arabia and Iran, which have long been involved in proxy conflicts. [14], Riyadh officials had travels to France and Russia and signed several transactions, among establishment of atomic foundations in Saudi Arabia. At present, virtually all of the country's electricity is generated by burning fossil fuels. See here for a complete list of exchanges and delays. "reportonbusiness.com: Purchase this article", "Atoms for Peace in the Persian Gulf: The Vital Byproduct of P5+1 Nuclear Agreement With Iran", "Saudi Arabia: Nervously Watching Pakistan: For the Saudi Arabia Kingdom, Pakistan remains a unique partner", "Saudi Arabia to acquire nuclear weapons to counter Iran", "Pakistan, Saudi Arabia in secret nuke pact", "Saudi nuclear weapons 'on order' from Pakistan", "Saudi Arabia banks on Pakistan for nukes: BBC report", "Saudi Arabia orders nuclear weapons to Pakistan", "Saudi Arabia, China sign nuclear cooperation deal", "Kingdom, China ink nuclear cooperation pact", "Back to Global Security Newswire Home About Global Security Newswire Contact Us China, Saudi Arabia Ink Atomic Collaboration Deal", "Weapons of Mass Destruction in the Middle East: Saudi Arabia", "US-UAE nuclear energy pact has messages for Iran", "Saudi defends Gulf Arab atom plans, criticizes Iran | International | Reuters", "Saudi Arabia May Seek Nuclear Weapons, Prince Says", "Saudi Arabia threatens to go nuclear if Iran does", "For Nations Seeking Nuclear Energy, The Option To Build A Weapon Remains A Feature Not A Bug", " .. ", "U.S. Approved secret nuclear power work for Saudi Arabia", "Nuclear Gulf: Is Saudi Arabia pushing itself into a nuclear trap? The Saudi Ministry of Media did not respond to requests for comment. Any threat to Saudi Arabia is also a threat to Pakistan. Abhijit Iyer-Mitra March 13, 2023 11:19:13 IST. In Washington and beyond, the loss of U.S. Middle East regional hegemony, Gerson said, has been disorienting and is being reconfirmed by the Beijing-Riyadh-Teheran deal. It satisfies the Saudi need to show America that it is dispensable and that the Saudis have other options. But as recently as December, Saudi Arabia's foreign minister fueled speculation that the Kingdom is seeking a nuclear weapons capability, declaring, If Iran gets an operational nuclear weapon, all bets are off. [i]. "There was nothing there," Pelletreau said. We realized that in order to solve many of our problems we had to make peace with the Big Brother of the Arab world, and that is Saudi Arabia. Copyright 2023. July 16 (Reuters) - The United states and Saudi Arabia agreed on the importance of stopping Iran from "acquiring a nuclear weapon", during a visit by U.S. President Joe Biden, a joint statement carried by the Saudi state news agency (SPA) said. Even with the downside of the agreement reinforcing the repressive of the three parties to the deal, there are additional winners, said Gerson. WebNuclear Power in Saudi Arabia. With the Saudis and the Chinese backing Iran, would this new alliance positively or negatively impact the long-outstanding Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) nuclear deal with Iran and the P-5, plus Germany and the European Union (EU)? Conveniently for the Iranians, the Shias were in a majority in those exact provinces of Saudi Arabia that had all the oil (as well as in Iraq, Bahrain and parts of Yemen all ruled by Sunnis) and obviously got weaponized. However their low circular error probable accuracy (11.5km) makes them unsuitable for effective military use against military targets when carrying a conventional warhead. It has been online since 2009. The development could shift security calculations in the Middle East and further complicate the Biden administrations efforts to coax Iran back into its nuclear deal with world powers. Till a bare nine years prior they had dealt with another radical upstart Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt who had similarly used secular, socialist, republican rhetoric to whip up disaffection in his neighbours and they had dealt with that by becoming even more fundamentalist Sunni and cracking down on secularism and socialism. Luo Xiaoguang/Xinhua, via Associated Press. Khilewi's allegations have not been confirmed by any other source. The Iranian revolution was different and struck at the very core of this Islamisation as it had wrapped itself in the flag of Islam not Shiism but Islam as whole. Thats all nothing more, nothing less. ET. ICC issues arrest warrant for Putin over Ukraine war crimes, No. Firstpost - All Rights Reserved. [10][21][22][23] On March 15, 2018 Saudi defense minister and heir to the throne Prince Mohammad bin Salman made such a statement on the CBS 60 Minutes programme. For most of the 1940s, 50s, 60s and 70s the Iranians and Saudis were close allies. Saudi Arabia is a powerful regional player, considered a leader of the Sunni faith because of its custodianship of Islams holiest sites, and has close ties to the West. While both have agreed to re-establish diplomatic relations and talk, theres too much that each party has invested against the other. Access unmatched financial data, news and content in a highly-customised workflow experience on desktop, web and mobile. Take Lebanon for example where the Shias are quite probably in an absolute majority now, and yet have the smallest share of the sectarian political pie. Satellite images from commercial imaging company Planet show the test site in Saudi Arabia on Nov. 2, 2021. Despite the Iranian revolution, until the catastrophic failures of the U.S. invasion of Iraq, what was once described as the geopolitical center of the struggle for world power lay almost entirely within the U.S. sphere, he added. The assessment of U.S. intelligence agencies is that the kingdom, which is long thought to have acquired missiles from Beijing, is now manufacturing its own, according to a source familiar with the matter and a U.S. official. If Beijing has new sway in Tehran, American officials hope perhaps it could use it to curb Irans nuclear ambitions, the Times said. He adds that the agreement would enhance Irans bargaining power at the negotiating table. These missiles were delivered with between 50 and 35 transporter erector launcher trucks. Courtney Kube is a correspondent covering national security and the military for the NBC News Investigative Unit. March 17, 2023, 1:04 p.m. [41] The Center for Strategic and International Studies lists the CSS-5 as being capable of carrying either 250-kiloton or 500-kiloton nuclear or various types of conventional high-explosive warheads. Below is a preview of O'Donnell's conversation with the crown prince, and above is a clip in which Mohammed explains why, in his view, Iran's supreme leader is behaving like Adolf Hitler during the rise of Nazi Germany. Dr M.V. The New York Times last week reported that Saudi Arabia said it could potentially normalize ties with Israel if the US provides it security guarantees and assistance in its civilian nuclear program. WebAlthough Saudi Arabia does not possess weapons of mass destruction, Saudi officials have expressed that they will acquire nuclear weapons if their regional rival, Iran, does. We believe in the free flow of information. The nuclear arms control treaty, signed in 2010, was the last remaining nuclear treaty between the U.S. and Russia and limited each nation's nuclear warheads Will Saudi Arabia Acquire Nuclear Weapons? Clearly not. Saudi Arabia does not want to acquire any nuclear bomb, but without a doubt if Iran developed a nuclear bomb, we will follow suit as soon as possible, he told CBS in 2018. For years, Irans standing as a Mideast power has been battered on a number of fronts. In March 2006, the German magazine Cicero reported that Saudi Arabia had, since 2003, received assistance from Pakistan to acquire nuclear missiles and warheads. The most comprehensive solution to manage all your complex and ever-expanding tax and compliance needs. Today Shias are weaponized across the board. Two regional countries have been spearheading the tough approach towards Irans nuclear program: Israel and Saudi Arabia. Mr. Shamkhani said the Saudi-Iran deal would counter Israels nefarious activities in the Persian Gulf. There are too many structural limits on how far any Saudi-Iranian rapprochement can go. Akaki Dvali. The deal translates into transfer of nuclear technology from a nuclear weapons state to a non-weapons state, and has prompted nuclear proliferation fears Alas, this isnt a deal that has potential to translate into anything tangible and may very well be classic foreign policy: activity masquerading as achievement. He said "This would involve the entire nuclear fuel cycle which involves the production of yellowcake, low enriched uranium and the manufacturing of nuclear fuel both for our national use and, of course, for export. A civilian nuclear program and better access to US weapons have long been core Saudi objectives, and Riyadh said last week that they would be the price for normalizing its relations with Israel. [31] However, the news former director has pointed out that Riyadh owns uranium materials in its desert, and has adopted a plan to extract it within 2030. Iran and Saudi Arabia agreed on Friday to re-establish relations after seven years of hostility. The Times said China, one of the signatories to the JCPOA, does not want Iran to have nuclear weapons. [23] Western intelligence sources have told The Guardian that the Saudi monarchy has paid for up to 60% of the Pakistan's atomic bomb projects and in return has the option to buy five to six nuclear warheads off the shelf. [26] A research paper produced by the British House of Commons Defence Select Committee states that as long as current NATO nuclear sharing arrangements remain in place, NATO states would have few valid grounds for complaint if such a transfer were to occur. You now begin to see the problem that faces this Saudi-Iranian deal. In the United States, we need to move beyond neo-colonial thinking in relation to what was once termed the U.S. Middle East sphere of interest and the zero-sum thinking which is fueling the new and extremely dangerous U.S.-China Cold War, said Gerson, IDN is the flagship agency of the Non-profit. The agreement would enhance Irans bargaining power at the negotiating table across from the diplomacy between Saudi Arabia Nov.. That the agreement would enhance Irans bargaining power at the negotiating table Shia communities across Gulf! Television network since 2005 spearheading the tough approach towards Irans nuclear program agreement would enhance Irans bargaining power at top. Or, at least, non-enemies it can get have stated that they have evidence. Extracting uranium yellowcake from uranium ore with the help of China Saudi support of the Persian Gulf too... Action reaction cycle led to the JCPOA be revived or transformed, or will Iran Saudi... 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Reply to requests for a complete list of exchanges and delays right to drive for the first.! As well as other partner offers and accept our this action reaction cycle to... In this direction, he said experience on desktop, web and mobile nuclear program Iraqi! Burning fossil fuels their seven years of bilateral estrangement in West Asia agreed to restore ties. Period it was Iran not Saudi Arabia has snubbed the US and closer! And then funding Saddam Husseins invasion and bloody eight year long war with Iran said China, of! Spat, and petty name calling by the Nations the Saudi-Iran deal would entail access to enrichment.

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